Canada

Growing market where policy, grid access, or the project pipeline is still taking shape.

Typical offshore wind consenting timescale: 34-67 months.

Federated system — provinces hold primary energy jurisdiction. CER (Canada Energy Regulator) manages federal offshore licensing under CEAA. Nova Scotia Offshore Wind Act (2024) established provincial framework. Newfoundland and Labrador developing offshore regime. Federal Net Zero by 2050 target. No single national grid operator — each province manages independently. Export orientation to US markets through existing and planned interconnectors.

Grid connection for offshore wind in Canada falls under provincial jurisdiction, with the relevant provincial utility (Nova Scotia Power, NB Power, Hydro-Québec) managing connection studies and agreements for Atlantic Canada projects. Canada's offshore wind regulatory framework is at an early development stage and dedicated offshore grid connection procedures have not yet been established. Connection requirements will be assessed as part of individual project development under provincial utility frameworks.